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15th century

2007 Schools Wikipedia Selection. Related subjects: General history

   Millennium: 1st millennium - 2nd millennium - 3rd millennium
   Centuries:         14th century - 15th century - 16th century
     Decades: 1400s 1410s 1420s 1430s 1440s 1450s 1460s 1470s 1480s 1490s

   As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that
   century which lasted from 1401 to 1500.

Events

     * 1401: Timur sacks Baghdad.
     * 1402: The Ottoman and Timurid Empires fight at the Battle of Ankara
       resulting in Timur's capture of Bayezid I. The Ottoman Empire
       descends into civil war until 1413.
     * 1402: The conquest of the Canary Islands signals the beginning of
       the Spanish Empire.
     * 1402: Sultanate of Malacca founded by Parameshwara.
     * 1403: The Yongle Emperor moves the capital of China from Nanjing to
       Beijing.
     * 1405- 33: Zheng He explores the Indian Ocean.
     * 1410: The Battle of Grunwald was the decisive battle of the
       Polish-Lithuanian-Teutonic War leading to the downfall of the
       Teutonic Knights.
     * 1415: Henry the Navigator leads the conquest of Ceuta from the
       Moors marking the beginning of the Portuguese Empire.
     * 1415: Battle of Agincourt fought between the Kingdom of England and
       France
     * 1420- 34: Hussite Wars in Bohemia
     * 1429: Joan of Arc ends the Siege of Orléans and turns the tide of
       the Hundred Years' War.
     * 1438: Pachacuti founds the Inca Empire.
     * 1440s: The Golden Horde breaks up into the Siberia Khanate, the
       Khanate of Kazan, the Astrakhan Khanate, the Crimean Khanate, and
       the Great Horde.
     * 1440- 69: Under Moctezuma I, the Aztecs become the dominant power
       in Mesoamerica.
     * 1453: The Fall of Constantinople marks the end of the Byzantine
       Empire.

   Charles VII of France, final victor of the Hundred Years' War
   Enlarge
   Charles VII of France, final victor of the Hundred Years' War
     * 1453: The Battle of Castillon is the last engagement of the Hundred
       Years' War.
     * 1454- 66: After defeating the Teutonic Knights in the Thirteen
       Years' War, Poland annexes Royal Prussia.
     * 1455- 85: Wars of the Roses - English civil war between the House
       of York and the House of Lancaster.
     * 1456: The Siege of Belgrade halts the Ottoman's advance into
       Europe.
     * 1467- 1615: The Sengoku period is one of civil war in Japan.
     * 1469: The marriage of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella of
       Castile leads to the unification of Spain.
     * 1474- 77: Burgundy Wars between France and the Habsburgs for
       control of Burgundy.
     * 1478: Muscovy conquers Novgorod.
     * 1480: After the Great standing on the Ugra river, Muscovy gained
       independence from the Great Horde.
     * 1481: Spanish Inquisition begins.
     * 1492: Boabdil's surrender of Granada marks the end of the
       Reconquista and Al-Andalus.
     * 1492: Jews are expelled from Spain.
     * 1492: Christopher Columbus founds Spain's first New World colony on
       Hispaniola.
     * 1494: Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas and agree
       to divide the World outside of Europe between themselves.
     * 1494- 1559: The Italian Wars lead to the downfall of the Italian
       city-states.
     * 1497- 1499: Vasco da Gama's first voyage from Europe to India and
       back.

Significant people

     * Abu Sa'id al-Afif - Samaritian
     * Christine de Pizan, French writer ( 1364 - 1430).
     * Jan Hus, Bohemian religious thinker and reformer (c. 1369 - 1415).
     * Zheng He, Chinese eunuch admiral and explorer ( 1371 - 1433).
     * Filippo Brunelleschi invents one-point perspective, leads
       innovation in Italian architecture ( 1377 - 1446).
     * Henry V of England, the English King who won the famous Battle of
       Agincourt in 1415 ( 1387 - 1422).
     * John Hunyadi, Regent of Kingdom of Hungary, won the Siege of
       Belgrade in 1456 ( 1387 - 1456)
     * Sejong the Great of Joseon, a Korean monarch who developed Hangul,
       the native Korean alphabet ( 1397 - 1450).
     * Constantine XI, Last Byzantine Emperor ( 1404 - 1453).
     * Johannes Ockeghem, Flemish composer (ca. 1410- 1497).
     * Joan of Arc, national heroine of France ( 1412 - 1431).
     * Kazimierz IV Jagiellon King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (
       1427 - 1492).
     * François Villon, French poet (c. 1431 - 1474).
     * Vlad III Dracula , Prince of Wallachia who led the defense of his
       territory against the expanding Ottoman Empire ( 1431 - 1476).
     * Mehmed II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and Conqueror of
       Constantinople ( 1432 - 1481).
     * Marsilio Ficino, Significant translator of Plato's works ( 1433 -
       1481).
     * Gjergj Kastrioti, Skenderbeg - Albanian Prince who resisted the
       Ottomans for almost 30 years in the name of the Albanian people and
       Catholic faith ( 1443 - 1468).
     * Matthias Corvinus of Hungary, Renaissance ruler ( 1443 - 1490).
     * Isabella of Castile, co-ruler of Ferdinand II of Aragon and
       responsible with him for the unification of Spain ( 1451 - 1504).
     * Christopher Columbus sails to the Americas for Spain (c. 1451 -
       1506).
     * Richard III of England, last English King of the House of York,
       last of the Plantagenet Dynasty ( 1452 - 1485).
     * Ferdinand II of Aragon , co-ruler of Isabella of Castile and
       responsible with her for the unification of Spain ( 1452 - 1516).
     * Leonardo da Vinci, inventor and painter ( 1452 - 1519).
     * Henry VII of England, English King and founder the Tudor dynasty (
       1457 - 1509).
     * Vasco da Gama reaches India for Portugal, creating the first
       maritime alternative for the Silk Road (c. 1469 - 1524

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

   List of 15th century inventions
     * Renaissance affects philosophy, science and art.
     * Age of Discovery begins.
     * Rise of Modern English language from Middle English.
     * Introduction of the noon bell in the Catholic world.
     * Public banks
     * Yongle Encyclopedia - over 22,000 volumes
     * Hangul alphabet in Korea
     * Scotch whisky
     * Psychiatric hospitals
     * Development of the woodcut for printing between 1400-1450
     * Movable type first used by King Htai Tjong of Korea - 1403 (Movable
       type, which allowed individual characters to be arranged to form
       words, was invented in China by Bi Sheng between 1041 to 1048. The
       )
     * Linear perspective drawing perfected by Filippo Brunelleschi
       1410-1415
     * Invention of the harpsichord c. 1450
     * Letterpress printing developed by Johann Gutenberg 1455
     * "Discovery" of North America by Christopher Columbus 1492
     * First canal lock reportedly built in Vreeswijk, Netherlands in 1481

Decades and years

   1390s 1390 1391 1392 1393 1394 1395 1396 1397 1398 1399
   1400s 1400 1401 1402 1403 1404 1405 1406 1407 1408 1409
   1410s 1410 1411 1412 1413 1414 1415 1416 1417 1418 1419
   1420s 1420 1421 1422 1423 1424 1425 1426 1427 1428 1429
   1430s 1430 1431 1432 1433 1434 1435 1436 1437 1438 1439
   1440s 1440 1441 1442 1443 1444 1445 1446 1447 1448 1449
   1450s 1450 1451 1452 1453 1454 1455 1456 1457 1458 1459
   1460s 1460 1461 1462 1463 1464 1465 1466 1467 1468 1469
   1470s 1470 1471 1472 1473 1474 1475 1476 1477 1478 1479
   1480s 1480 1481 1482 1483 1484 1485 1486 1487 1488 1489
   1490s 1490 1491 1492 1493 1494 1495 1496 1497 1498 1499
   1500s 1500 1501 1502 1503 1504 1505 1506 1507 1508 1509
   Millennium Century
   4th BC: 40th BC 39th BC 38th BC 37th BC 36th BC 35th BC 34th BC 33rd BC
   32nd BC 31st BC
   3rd BC: 30th BC 29th BC 28th BC 27th BC 26th BC 25th BC 24th BC 23rd BC
   22nd BC 21st BC
   2nd BC: 20th BC 19th BC 18th BC 17th BC 16th BC 15th BC 14th BC 13th BC
   12th BC 11th BC
   1st BC: 10th BC 9th BC 8th BC 7th BC 6th BC 5th BC 4th BC 3rd BC 2nd BC
   1st BC
   1st:   1st   2nd   3rd   4th   5th   6th   7th   8th   9th 10th
   2nd: 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th
   3rd: 21st 22nd 23rd 24th 25th 26th 27th 28th 29th 30th
   4th: 31st 32nd 33rd 34th 35th 36th 37th 38th 39th 40th
   Retrieved from " http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century"
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   with only minor checks and changes (see www.wikipedia.org for details
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