No. Nuclear engineer here - why'd you have to ask about this on my Saturday morning?

Not all uranium is created equal. Lets simplify things and say that there's two main "types", Uranium-238 and Uranium-235. They're both uranium, but the only difference is one is slightly heavier. If you mine uranium, what you get is a mix, and it'll be about 99.3% U-238, and 0.7% U-235.

Here's the thing - U-238 is pretty much useless as a nuclear fuel, at least directly. U-235 is what we want. In most nuclear reactor designs, "enriched uranium" is used, which is uranium where the amount of U-235 is increased to about 3% or so.

But here's where things get really cool. In a nuclear reactor, the whole point of the operation is that you've got a metric shit-ton of neutrons flying around. If U-235 absorbs a neutron, it busts apart and releases energy and more neutrons - this is how it generates heat and keeps the "chain reaction" going. But if U-238 absorbs a neutron, it doesn't "fission" like U-235. Instead, it becomes U-239 which decays quite quickly into Plutonium 239. Plutonium 239 is a useful nuclear fuel. In fact, even in many current reactor designs, a large fraction of the overall energy is produced from this plutonium - fuel that was produced within the reactor itself.

But when there's no more U238 left, then there's no way to make more plutonium. In a modern reactor, this isn't a problem - a very small fraction of the actual uranium (maybe 2% at most) is used up before we can't use the fuel anymore. The reason we can't use it anymore is because the wastes produced absorb too many neutrons to sustain the chain reaction - but there's still lots of fuel!

In the past, "reprocessing" has been attempted, which chemically separates most of these wastes, leaving behind the useful plutonium and uranium to be reused. In theory, we can do this about 50 times. The problem with reprocessing is that it makes it really easy to spill the nasty bits that we don't want to spill. The uranium and plutonium themselves are practically harmless - it's the wastes that are dangerous. When they're separated and concentrated, it's worse than spent nuclear fuel.

A TWR is designed to convert more U-238 to Pu-239, without reprocessing. The conversion happens entirely within the reactor core. So, if a fuel bundle in a current reactor lasts one year, then the same fuel bundle could last 50 years in a TWR if it could convert all of the U-238.

TL;DR - U-238 is useless as fuel, but a TWR makes it into fuel. Once the U-238 is gone, you can't make any more fuel.